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The Islamic Movement Interactions within the Arab Uprisings: The impact of the Islamic movements interactions on thedemocratization process and the level of radicalization
Saad, Mohamed ; Salamon, Janusz (advisor) ; Esposito, John L (referee) ; Muhammad Mady, Abdel-Fattah (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Political Studies Department of Political Science Dissertation Abstract The Islamist Movement Interactions within the Arab Uprisings The Impact of the Islamist Movements' Interactions on the Democratization Process and the Level of Radicalization Author: Mohamed Saad Supervisor: Janusz Salamon, Ph.D. Year of the defense: 2023 Abstract The Islamist movements played a socio-political role in many Arab and Middle Eastern countries. They provided social services and a resistance ideology, either for the West or local political regimes. They mobilized their supporters in a large social movement that crystallized the Islamic Ummah's relative deprivation and common grievances. In some cases, Islamism was used as a justification ideology to legitimize the ruling regime. Also, it has been used as an ideology to justify the use of radical and jihadist violence. The Islamism involvement in the Arab Spring raised the classic dilemma in a new shape, either to integrate the Islamists in an open political process; however, this integration may undermine democracy and individual rights in the long term, or to exclude the Islamists from the political life in a way that may encourage more Islamists to resort to violence to achieve their goals. The dissertation tests...
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Tunisko a jeho tranzice k demokracii v důsledku událostí arabského jara
Ludvíková, Nikola
LUDVÍKOVÁ, N. Tunisia and its transition to democracy as a result of the events of the Arab Spring, Bachelor thesis. Brno, 2022. The bachelor thesis deals with development of the political regime in Tunisia. The aim of the work is to describe its original state, its change caused by the Arab Spring and the subsequent evaluation of sustainability and the application of democracy in this country. This work also explains the reasons for the successful transition to democracy compared to other countries in the Middle East.
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Vliv bezpečnostní situace na turismus v Egyptě, Tunisku a Maroku
Macháčková, Andrea
The bachelor thesis deals with the impact of the security situation on tourism in selected North African countries. At the very beginning of the work, three research questions are set to which answers are found by the method of quantitative research using a non-standardized anonymous questionnaire. The theoretical part generally describes tourism in Egypt, Tunisia and Morocco. Subsequently, aspects of the security and impact on tourism are discussed. The effects of terrorism and the Arab Spring have also been shown, which have been chosen to point out that when the security situation in the country deteriorates, tourists’ arrivals will decrease. The practical part contains the questionnaire survey and statistics dealing with world indices of peace, terrorism and subsequently a table of tourist arrivals to selected destinations. At the end of the work, answers to research questions and recommendations and conclusions are found.
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The Role of the Civil Society in the Transformation of the North African States
Jiránková, Adéla ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
The rigorous thesis focuses on the role of the Civil Society in the processes of transition to democracy as a part of the possible democratization wave in the Middle East also know as the Arab Spring. For the purposes of the thesis the author examines three case studies of countries with the successful revolutions - Egypt, Libya, and Tunisia and two countries, where the revolutions were not successful - Morocco and Algeria. Using the method of process-tracing with focus on the path-dependency it traces the changes in the dynamics of the Civil Society in the pre-revolutionary period, concretely during Mubarak's regime in Tunisia, Qaddafi's rule in Libya, Ben Ali's regime in Tunisia, reign of the king Muhammad VI. in Morocco, and Bouteflika's regime in Algeria through the revolutions to the post-revolutionary period. Moreover, the main assumption is that the initial non-democratic regimes have been significantly influencing the transformation process of all three countries and this also applies to the Civil Society as such. The Civil Society, in this thesis, is based on two paradigms. The first is based on the liberal modernization framework and the second is connected with stagnation and socio-economic deprivation. This unique combination contributed to the transformation of Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Morocco,...
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Democracy or Stability in the Maghreb? : Security Policy of the EU towards the Region between 2005 and 2010
Holík, Jiří ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
This PhDr. thesis analyses the EU security policy towards the Maghreb between 2005 and 2010. It does so in order to ascertain to what extent the level of practical policy corresponds with the level of declarations. Also, by using the promotion of democratic governance in the Maghreb countries under the ENP as s case study, the thesis means to challenge the proposition that European Union can be described as a 'Normative Power'. First chapter briefly presents the concept of 'Normative Power Europe'. Following section looks at the European Security Strategy and localizes the primary position of the goal of democracy promotion in the document. Third part gives an overview of the European policy towards the Mediterranean under which EU relations with the Maghreb have been framed. Most attention is paid to the European Neighbourhood Policy. Next chapter examines the level of practical EU policy. It consists of three separate case studies of European policy towards Tunisia, Morocco and Libya between 2005 and 2010. The fifth and final part qualitatively analyses the way four factors (trade, energy, migration and terrorism) contributed to the structuring of relations of Tunisia, Morocco and Libya with Spain, France and Italy. The thesis arrives at the conclusion that while at the declaratory level the EU...
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Educational policy in Morocco and Tunisia during French protectorate
Gavenda, Lukáš ; Ženka, Josef (advisor) ; Beránek, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis compares French educational policy in Morocco and Tunisia during the French protectorate. It concetrates on the evolution of educational systems of both countries before the French colonial era and French reforms of the system. It is based on an analysis of the key figures of the protectorates, the residents-general Cambon and Lyautey and their heads of the education departments Machuel and Hardy. That is achieved through an analysis of their opinions on the educational and colonial policy and their application. The thesis deals with the beginninigs of the protectorate era when the foundations of the French system were laid.
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Security Policy of the EU towards the Maghreb: Promoting Democracy or Stability?
Holík, Jiří ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
This graduate thesis analyses the EU security policy towards the Maghreb between 2005 and 2010. It does so in order to ascertain to what extent the level of practical policy corresponds with the level of declarations. Also, by using the promotion of democratic governance in the Maghreb countries under the ENP as s case study, the thesis means to challenge the proposition that European Union can be described as a 'Normative Power'. First chapter briefly presents the concept of 'Normative Power Europe'. Following section looks at the European Security Strategy and localizes the primary position of the goal of democracy promotion in the document. Third part gives an overview of the European policy towards the Mediterranean under which EU relations with the Maghreb have been framed. Most attention is paid to the European Neighbourhood Policy. Next chapter examines the level of practical EU policy. It consists of three separate case studies of European policy towards Tunisia, Morocco and Libya between 2005 and 2010. The fifth and final part qualitatively analyses the way four factors (trade, energy, migration and terrorism) contributed to the structuring of relations of Tunisia, Morocco and Libya with Spain, France and Italy. The thesis arrives at the conclusion that while at the declaratory level the EU strives...
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The role of the civil society in the transformation of Egypt, Libya and Tunisia
Jiránková, Adéla ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
Diploma thesis focuses on the role of the Civil Society in the processes of transition to democracy as a part of the possible democratization wave in the Middle East also know as the Arab Spring. For the purposes of the thesis the author examines three case studies of countries with successful revolutions - Egypt, Libya, and Tunisia. Using the method of process-tracing with focus on the path-dependency it traces the changes in the dynamics of the Civil Society in the pre-revolutionary period, concretely during Mubarak's regime in Tunisia, Qaddafi's rule in Libya, and Ben Ali's regime in Tunisia, through the revolutions to the post-revolutionary period. Moreover, the main assumption is that the initial non- democratic regimes have been significantly influencing the transformation process of all three countries and this also applies to the Civil Society as such. The Civil Society, in this thesis, is based on two paradigms. The first is based on the liberal modernization framework and the second is connected with stagnation and socio-economic deprivation. This unique combination contributed to the transformation of Egypt, Libya, and Tunisia. The dynamics of the Civil Society is then determined by several factors, which are: Civil Society organizations, social media and networks, youth education, economic...
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The development of EU democracy assistance in the 21st century: the case of Tunisia after the Arab Spring
Linhart, Jakub ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Matějka, Ondřej (referee)
This paper investigates the developments of European democracy promotion in the second decade of the 21st century or more precisely after the Arab spring. The research of the European promotion structure is based on a thorough analysis, using Tunisia as an example. After this analysis, this paper further focuses on the development of overall European democracy support in Morocco, Egypt and in the broader region. From this research we learn, that in the second half of the 2010s there is an increase in the finances intended for democracy promotion in both absolute and relative terms (when compared to other sectors). This thesis analyses possible reasons for this surge e.g. an attempt to compensate for the democratic deficit in the EU or a reaction to the migration crisis. At the same time, this paper examines the limits of this development and argues that for example the need for stability will further limit any future development of the European democracy support.
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Development of civil society organizations focusing on women's rights in Tunisia before and after the first democratic elections
Homolková, Tereza ; Muhič Dizdarevič, Selma (advisor) ; Klípa, Ondřej (referee)
In this master thesis I deal with civil society organizations in Tunisia with a focus on women's rights. Firstly, I present the conceptual frameworks I work with and I set the indicators on the basis of which I assess the organization. I present context in which organisations are operating, I describe the history of Tunisia and the state of women's rights in Tunisia. First I focus on the period before the first democratic elections, between 1987 and 2011, when president Zin Abidin bin Ali ruled. Then I move on to the period after the first democratic elections, which took place in 2011, until 2018. Subsequently, I compare the functioning of civil society organisations with a focus on women's rights in these two periods. I discuss what organizations have to deal with during their operation, what influences them and what problems they concentrate on within the framework of women's rights. I collect information and data using document analysis, and then analyze the data with open coding.
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